Effects of Different Seat Angles to Disc Degeneration in Pilots under High-G Forces

This study presents a computational analysis of the spinal health challenges faced by fighter pilots subjected to repeated high gravitational forces in training scenarios. Previous studies have indicated a heightened risk of acute spinal injuries and accelerated disc degeneration, particularly in the cervical spine regions. By using computational simulations, we hope to discover critical loading pathways and mechanisms that might accelerate disc degeneration.
Our research utilizes the Toyota Human Model for Safety (THUMS) finite element model to simulate and assess the effects of high G forces on the spine. Simulations replicate the accelerative loading conditions experienced during flight by applying acceleration loads to the pilot’s seat, which loads the body including stresses in the spine. This stress data gathered from the simulation is used to predict the disc degeneration of repeated exposure to high G-forces in a fatigue disc degeneration algorithm previously developed. The results reveal an impact on the cervical spine, with these areas exhibiting significant disc degeneration due to the high levels of effective stress. This degeneration was found to be progressive, intensifying with continuous exposure to high-G environments.
In this presentation, we investigate the effects of varying seat angles in fighter jets. We conducted an evaluation of three distinct seat configurations, specifically calibrated at seat angles within the range that is commonly employed by F-16 pilots: 105 , 110, and 120 degrees. Comparisions will be given about how the stresses manifest into different levels of long-term disc degeneration, in different locations along the spine. We will also highlight some future work on creating individual-specific pilot models.